Perifollicular connective tissue sheath (CTS) produces predominantly type I collagen, but its contribution to the dermal collagen homeostasis remained unknown. In this report we demonstrated that the fibroblasts in CTS of hair follicle produced significantly higher level of type I procollagen protein, compared with those in lower dermis and upper dermis, and that anagen follicles showed higher expression of type I procollagen protein in their CTS than catagen follicles, indicating that procollagen synthesis in CTS cells of hair follicle varies depending on hair cycles. We also found that topical RA treatment to scalp skin increase the expression of type I procollagen in CTS of hair follicle as well as in the dermis. Our results suggest that perifollicular CTS may produce type I procollagen most actively in dermis and may contribute to the collagen homeostais in the dermis of human skin.