Promotion effect of Spirodela polyrhiza L. on hair growth via Wnt/β-catenin pathways
Hair loss is a common and distressing phenomenon affecting the quality of life negatively. Thus it is important to develop new therapeutic materials to stop hair loss and to enhance hair growth. Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays important role in many devlopmental process, including hair follicle morphogenesis and stem cell differentiation. In search of novel hair-growth agents, a set of 500 EtOH extracts derived from plants were screened against Wnt/β-catenin. Extract of Spirodela polyrhiza L.(S. polyrhiza) showed potent inducible effect of β-catenin response transcription in TOP Flash reporter cells. In addition, topical application of S. polyrhiza onto the back of C57BL/6 mice, earlier conversion of telogen-to-anagen was induced. To investigate the action mechanism, we treated cultured dermal papilla cells with S. polyrhiza. RT-PCR analysis showed that S. polyrhiza induced mRNA levels for insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and alkaline phosphotase(ALP) suggesting that the effects of S. polyrhiza on hair growth may be mediated through the regulation of IGF-1 and ALP in dermal papilla cells. We further investigate the effect of S. polyrhiza on glycogen synthase kinase(GSK-3) using phospho-GSK-3 Ab, which is a key regulator Wnt signaling. S. polyrhiza induced the GSK-3 phosphorylation in a dose dependent manner, suggesting that S. polyrhiza may have impact on intracellular β-catenin signaling via GSK-3 degradation. Taken together, these results suggest that S. polyrhiza has hair growth promoting potential and can be used for helping hair growth.